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Doctrine / Title Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Independent Catholic (e.g. Old Catholic, CACA, OSST) 1. Divine Motherhood (Theotokos) ✅ Defined at Council of Ephesus (431) ✅ Affirmed at Ephesus; central to Orthodox theology ✅ Affirmed; considered foundational 2. Perpetual Virginity ✅ Dogma: Virgin before, during, and after Christ’s birth ✅ Strongly affirmed in liturgy and…
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1. What Is Apostolic Succession? Apostolic succession is the historic-theological claim that the authority Christ entrusted to the Twelve Apostles—especially to teach, sanctify, and govern the Church—is transmitted by the laying-on of hands (ordination) from bishop to bishop in an unbroken line.Key elements Element Meaning Physical sign Imposition of hands with an ordination prayer calling…
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There came a time in my life when the call to serve God through the Church grew louder than the noise of my own doubts. Drawn by a longing I couldn’t explain, I entered seminary—a sacred space where I would spend three formative years immersed in prayer, study, and spiritual formation. Those years were not…
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Introduction There is a revolution stirring—not in the streets, but in the souls of those who can no longer lead from systems that suppress the sacred. We are the ones who have walked through fire, not to be consumed, but to be clarified. We’ve tasted religion’s beauty and its shadow. We’ve been burned by false…
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Some of us are born into religion. Others are born with the ache for God that no religion can fully contain.I am both. My journey has been anything but linear. I have walked through churches, classrooms, deserts of doubt, and sanctuaries of silence. I have studied scripture and screamed into the void. I have raised…
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There is a myth—one I clung to for a long time—that spiritual awakening must happen alone. That the path to God is a solitary mountain trail, marked only by personal revelation, private pain, and internal surrender. For much of my journey, I believed that the deeper I went into Spirit, the further I had to…