Doctrine / TitleRoman CatholicEastern OrthodoxIndependent Catholic (e.g. Old Catholic, CACA, OSST)
1. Divine Motherhood (Theotokos)✅ Defined at Council of Ephesus (431)✅ Affirmed at Ephesus; central to Orthodox theology✅ Affirmed; considered foundational
2. Perpetual Virginity✅ Dogma: Virgin before, during, and after Christ’s birth✅ Strongly affirmed in liturgy and theology✅ Widely affirmed, though some communities may not require strict assent
3. Immaculate Conception✅ Dogma (Ineffabilis Deus, 1854)❌ Not dogma; many affirm her purification at the Annunciation✅ Often affirmed spiritually, but not always held as dogma
4. Assumption of Mary✅ Dogma (Munificentissimus Deus, 1950)✅ Celebrated as Dormition; bodily assumption is affirmed in tradition✅ Widely affirmed; often celebrated liturgically
5. Co-Redemptrix / Mediatrix / Advocate☑️ Promoted in popular devotion; not dogma❌ Rejected as overly scholastic; Mary intercedes but not as “co-redeemer”☑️ Varies: CACA/OSST may affirm as devotional titles without making dogmatic claims
6. Immaculate Heart of Mary✅ Promoted in liturgy and private devotion❌ Not a formal devotion; emphasis is on her role in Christ’s life✅ Affirmed in many Independent traditions influenced by RC spirituality
7. Mary as Queen of Heaven✅ Feast of the Queenship of Mary (Aug 22); biblical & theological basis✅ Honored as Queen in icons/hymns (e.g., “More honorable than

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